What is the difference between a drill bit and an end mill?

The distinction between a drill bit and an end mill lies primarily in their specific functions and design features. A drill bit is specifically designed for creating holes in various materials by cutting into them in a downward motion. Its geometry is optimized for delivering high cutting speeds and more aggressive penetration into the workpiece, making it highly effective for drilling operations.

On the other hand, an end mill is designed for a wider range of machining operations beyond just creating holes. It has cutting edges on the sides as well as the end, which allows it to perform milling operations including contouring, slotting, and profiling. End mills can also be used to create shallow or even deep pockets in a workpiece, making them versatile tools suitable for complex machining tasks where horizontal cutting is required.

This versatility in cutting capabilities highlights the difference in application between the two tools, affirming that while both can be used in machining, their primary functions and common usages are distinct.