What does "fixturing" refer to in machining?

Fixturing in machining is the process of establishing a workpiece securely in a machine to ensure accurate cutting or shaping operations. This process involves the use of various devices or setups, known as fixtures, that hold the workpiece in the desired position and orientation while machining takes place. Proper fixturing is crucial because it affects the precision of the machining operation; if the workpiece is not held firmly or accurately, it may result in dimensional inaccuracies, surface finish defects, and overall inconsistencies in the final product.

The other options pertain to different aspects of machining. Selecting cutting tools involves determining the right tools for the job, which is essential but separate from the process of holding the workpiece. Measuring dimensions is also a critical function in machining, helping to ensure parts meet specifications, but it does not relate directly to securing the workpiece during machining. Applying a protective coating addresses post-machining treatments and surface finishes, which are distinct from the setup involved in machining operations. Thus, the true essence of fixturing is encapsulated in establishing the workpiece firmly for accuracy during processing.