In machining, what is the meaning of 'interpolation'?

Interpolation in machining refers to the method used to control the movement of the machine tool along a programmed path. This involves calculating the necessary increments and adjustments to position the tool accurately along that path, whether it be straight or curved.

In the context of CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machining, interpolation enables the machine to follow complex trajectories with precision based on the coordinates provided in the program. This is crucial for the fabrication of parts that require high precision and intricate designs, as it allows the tool to move smoothly and efficiently from one point to another without disconnecting from the workpiece surface.

The technique encompasses different types of interpolation, such as linear interpolation, circular interpolation, and helical interpolation, each serving to guide the tool along different geometric paths. By employing interpolation, machinists can achieve the desired contours and shapes of components accurately, which is essential in precision machining.